by Athena in Mill Valley Middle School, California Atomic symbol atomic number
"To make nickel cadmium batteries transfer energy right, use cadmium it will work for you day and night."
	History Uses Description Property Table Danger! Danger! Glossary Links Bibliography Address of Original Images
Cadmium is a rare metal deprived from the Latin word Cadmia Fornacum. It means funac zinc. It got its particular name because it was discovered in zinc ore. A man by the name of Fredric Stronmeyer discovered this great metal in 1817, in Gottingen Germany. It was discovered when Friedrich was attempting to produce pharmaceutical grade zinc oxide, When trying to make this he figured out that the zinc product was not pure. That's when he discovered the zinc had a by product of Cadmium. Friedrich's curiosity led him to a deeper analysis of this wonderful element.
Cadmium has only two valence electrons so it bonds with other elements and is basically never found alone in nature. Although Cadmium can be found in a few, widely scattered minerals, it costs more money to extract than it does to sell. It's usually extracted to study and it comes as a by product with some other minerals like zinc. It is nearly always found in zinc ors. Where zinc is refined in a blast furnace, cadmium can be found in that dust that gets scraped from the flues and stacks. Cadmium is also used in nickel cadmium battery cells. They are the rechargeable kind of battery. Cadmium is a low coefficient of friction, so it is used as a alloy to coat some bearings like nuts, bolts, and screws. It is also used as part of a compound in yellow and red pigment which is used in paint and is used in nuclear reactors.
Cadmium is a soft blue-white metal. It is very soft, it's so soft it can be cut with a knife and is tarnished and corroded by air! Since it is a metal it is a good conductor of heat. It has no taste. Like its buddies in the IIB zinc family, it "cries" when it is bent rapidly. When Boiled cadmium gives off a yellow poisonous gas just like the colored gas sulfur gives off when it is boiled.     Atomic Number 48 Atomic weight 112.41 Melting Point 320.9 šc Specific Gravity 8.65 (20šc) Boiling point 765šc Density 293k/ 8.65 g/cm3 Classification Transition Metal Number of neutrons 64 Number of Protons/electrons 48 Crystal Structure Hexagonal Number of Energy Levels 5 Cadmium and its compounds are HIGHLY TOXIC! It's dangerous at any time you are within an arms distance. It can cause serious injuries if it is inhaled or tasted in an way. It can also cause skin irritations when you get it on your skin. When it is inhaled or indigested it targets your respiratory system, kidneys, prostate, and blood when you are exposed to it. It is a very reactive metal. When dealing with this metal realize it has only two valence electrons in its fifth energy level. This is not a stable element. Glossary Cadmia fornacum: The Latin word for the element Cadmium. Ore: a rock containing enough of a useful substance to make mining it worthwhile. valence electron: they are the electrons on the outermost energy level Stable element: a stable element has a complete or full valence shell. Cell: a vessel containing two electrodes and a electrolyte that can act as an electrical conductor. Electron: a tiny, negatively charged particle that is part of an atom. The flow of electrons through a solid material such as wire produce a electrical current. alloy: A mixture of elements and various other elements Links Chemical Elements.com-Cadmium Chemical Elements.com All the Information on Cadmium Chemicool Periodic Table

Bibliography Heiserman, David. Exploring Chemical Elements and Their Compounds. TAB Books: Blue Ridge Summit, Pa, 1992 Todd, Robert. Holt Science and Technology: Physical Science. Austin, Texas: Holt, Rinart, and Winston, 2001 "Periodic Table of Elements." EnviornmentalChemistry.com. Available: http://environmentalchemistry.com/yogi/periodic/co.html (March 19, 2002) Bentor, Yinion. "Periodic Table:Cadmium." Chemical Elements.com-Cadmium. Available: "http://chemicalelements.com/elements/co.html (March 18, 2002)

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