Facts Properties History Uses Hazards Glossary Bibliography		By: Glade T. Eighth grader at Mill Valley Middle School Ms. Eagle "Got Calcium?"
Facts Although calcium is the fifth most abundant element in the Earth's crust and makes 3.6 percent of it. The element itself is never found in nature in its pure form, but is found widely in its compounds, (e.g. Iceland spar, marble, limestone, feldspar, apatite, calcite, dolomite, fluorite, garnet, and labradite).
Properties Name Calcium Symbol Ca Atomic Number 20 Atomic Mass 40.078 Group Number 2 Period 4 Physical State at Room Temperature Solid Type of Element Metal Number of Electrons 20 Number of Protons 20 Number of Neutrons 20 Melting Point 1542.2º F Boiling Point 2703.2º F Classification Alkali Earth Metal Density 1.55 g/cm3 Color Silvery White Oxidization States +2		Energy Levels Number of energy levels 4 # of electrons in first level. 2 # of electrons in second level. 8 # of electrons in third level. 8 # of electrons in fourth level 2
History The name calcium came from the Latin root Calcis (Lime). Even though lime (calcium oxide) has been known since ancient times, the pure form of the metal was first discovered in 1808 by Sir Humphrey Davy. After learning that Berzelius and Pontin (both scientists) prepared calcium amalgam by electrolyzing lime in mercury, Davy was able to isolate the impure metal.		Sir Humphrey Davy
Milk contains large amounts of Calcium Bones have large amounts of Calcium in the form of phosphates and carbonate salts.	Uses Today, the pure form of the metal itself has almost no commercial, but it's compounds are much more important. When mixed with sand, it bonds with the element to make mortar and concrete. It is also a main element in chalk, and for decarberization and desulferization of Iron and it's alloys. It is also used in alloys with other metals such as copper, aluminum, and lead. It is also a very important element in making up bones and teeth and keeping them strong. In the body, it is in the form of phosphates and carbonate salts. A sufficient store of vitamin D in the body is necessary for the proper utilization of calcium. Plants also use calcium for strength
Hazards Because calcium has only two valence electrons, it is very unstable and reactive to a lot of other elements. This is why it is never found in nature in it's pure form. If exposed to air, it will oxidize very quickly, and if exposed to a large amount of heat
Glossary Decarberization- To remove carbon from a compound. Desulpherization- To remove sulfur from a compound. Alloy- A combination of different metals to make a mixture stronger than the original metal(s). (e.g. steel). Utilization- To put to use, especially to find a profitable or practical use for. Electrolyze- To cause to decompose by electrolysis.
Bibliography Chemicool Periodic Table Environmental Chemistry Periodic Table Interactive Periodic Table of the Elements Periodic Table Periodic Table of the Elements Pictorial Periodic Table Web Elements Periodic Table Dictionary.com Flamingtext.com IMAGES FOUND AT: ppp.unipv.it/.../Sez5%20jpg/ Volta%20V%201-1.jpg score.kings.k12.ca.us/lessons/ dog/bone.card.jpg school.discovery.com/clipart/ clip/milk.html